翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Surface force ・ Surface forces apparatus ・ Surface freezing ・ Surface Freight Forwarder Deregulation Act of 1986 ・ Surface gradient ・ Surface gravity ・ Surface grinding ・ Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean ・ Surface Hill Uniting Church ・ Surface hopping ・ Surface House ・ Surface Hub ・ Surface integral ・ Surface integrity ・ Surface irrigation ・ Surface layer ・ Surface layering ・ Surface lift ・ Surface lure ・ Surface mail ・ Surface map ・ Surface marker buoy ・ Surface metrology ・ Surface micromachining ・ Surface mining ・ Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 ・ Surface modification ・ Surface modification of biomaterials with proteins ・ Surface movement radar ・ Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Surface layer ： ウィキペディア英語版 Surface layer The surface layer is the layer of a turbulent fluid most affected by interaction with a solid surface or the surface separating a gas and a liquid where the characteristics of the turbulence depend on distance from the interface. Surface layers are characterized by large normal gradients of tangential velocity and large concentration gradients of any substances (temperature, moisture, sediments et cetera) transported to or from the interface. The term boundary layer is used in meteorology and in physical oceanography. The atmospheric surface layer is the lowest part of the atmospheric boundary layer (typically the bottom 10% where the log wind profile is valid). The ocean has two surface layers: the benthic, found immediately above the sea floor and the marine surface layer, at the air-sea interface. ==Mathematical Formulation== A simple model of the surface layer can be derived by first examining the turbulent momentum flux through a surface. Using Reynolds Decomposition to express the horizontal flow in the $x$ direction as the sum of a slowly varying component,$\backslash overline$, and a turbulent component,$\backslash \; u\text{'}$,: $u\; =\; \backslash overline\; +\; u\text{'}$ and the vertical flow, $\backslash \; w$, in an analogous fashion: $w\; =\; \backslash overline\; +\; w\text{'}$ we can express the flux of turbulent momentum through a surface, $\backslash \; u\_$ * as the time averaged magnitude of vertical turbulent transport of horizontal turbulent momentum, $\backslash \; u\text{'}w\text{'}$: $u\_$ *^2 = \left|\overline \right|. If the flow is homogeneous within the region, we can set the product of the vertical gradient of the mean horizontal flow and the eddy viscosity coefficient $\backslash \; K\_m$ equal to $\backslash \; u\_$ *^2: $\backslash \; K\_m\backslash frac\; =\; u\_$ *^2 , where $\backslash \; K\_m$ is defined in terms of Prandtl's mixing length hypothesis: $\backslash \; K\_m\; =\; \backslash overline\backslash left\; |\backslash frac\backslash right\; |$ where $\backslash \; \backslash xi\text{'}$ is the mixing length. We can then express $\backslash \; u\_$ * as: $\backslash frac\; =\; \backslash frac\{\backslash overline\{\backslash xi\text{'}\}\}$. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Surface layer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.